Soil fertility is the soil's capacity and productivity to sustain plant growth, provide habitat and deliver sustained, high-quality crop yields.

Traits of a productive soil

There are traits that reveal a productive soil, among which we can mention:

• The absence of toxic substances that inhibit plant growth.
• An adequate soil profile depth.
• Sufficient supply of water and essential nutrients for plant development.
• Adequate internal drainage.
• pH between 5 and 7.
• Sufficient organic matter in the topsoil.

Tips for maintaining productivity

Understanding soil characteristics, environmental education, protecting plant cover, using high-quality irrigation water and protecting water sources are all key actions. Crop rotation and intercropping, combined with good agricultural practices, are equally essential.

Soil fertilization reflects its productivity, potential and yield through chemical, physical and biological factors.

It is the intricate process of the persistent nutrient cycle in organic and inorganic forms. Phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium and sulfur are the main elements required in significant amounts, and should always be paired with a proper commercial fertilizer analysis.